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Dental Implant Glossary (S-Z)

Screw Implant Refer to Vertical Implant

Second Stage Surgery In relation to die subperiosteal implant, this refers to die reopening of the tissue, placement of the framework which was constructed, after the first stage surgery. For endosteal submerged implants, this refers to the re-exposure of that portion of the implant that receives the attachment device.

Single Crystal Sapphire A material for implantation composed of a single crystalline alpha aluminum oxide which is identical in crystalline structure to a gem sapphire.

Site Former See Receptor Site Former

Spiral Implant Refer to Vertical Implant

Sterile Technique A standard technique in which an aseptic area is established and maintained to a specific conclusion; e.g., the proper sterilization of instruments, drapes, gowns, gloves and surgical area; and the systematic maintenance of asepsis throughout an implant insertion procedure.

Sterilization Complete elimination of microbial viability. Caution must be exercised to insure the preservation or the integrity and properties of the implant.

Stress Normally defined in terms of mechanical tensile stress which is the form divided by the perpendicular cross sectional area over which the force is applied.

Submerged Implant An endosseous implant with a removable head and neck to permit healing and maturation of the osteotomy and allow intra-implant trabeculation isolated from the oral cavity without a permucosal opening; an endosteal buried implant.

Subperiosteal Implant A framework specifically fabricated to fit the supporting areas of the mandible or maxilla with permucosal extensions for support and attachment of a prosthesis. The framework consists of: permucosal extensions with or without connecting bars and struts. Struts are classified as peripheral, primary and secondary. The subperiosteal implant can be complete arch unilateral or universal.

Superstructure The prosthesis that is supported by the substructure with or without an intervening mesostructure.

Surgical Jaw Relation (Subperiosteal) A registration of the vertical dimension in centric relation of the exposed superior surface of the mandibular or maxillary bone with the opposing arch to provide inter-maxillary space for determination of abutment height of a subperiosteal implant framework.

Surgical Occlusion Rim (Subperiosteal) A conventional occlusion rim with a base that has been adapted to provide an accurate recording of the surgical vertical centric relations.

Suspension Ligament The ligament arising from a bone surface which surrounds and supports an endosseous or subperiosteal implant.

Symphysis The immovable dense midline articulation of the right and left halves of the adult mandible.

Three-Dimensional Implant An endosteal implant which is placed from the lateral aspect of the alveolar ridge and supplies support in both the horizontal and vertical dimension.

Toxicity The adverse reactions (dose-response time relationships) of tissues to selected foreign substances resulting in unacceptable in-vivo interactions. The toxicity can be at the local or systemic level depending upon the amount, rate of release and specific type of substance available to the tissues.

Trial Inserts Implant replica to test a receptor site. Modified Intra-Mucosal inserts worn during the healing phase.

Transoateal This refers to the penetration of both the internal and external cortical plate by a dental implant.

Tricalcium Phosphate An inorganic, particular or solid form of relatively biodegradable ceramic, which is used as a scaffold for bone regeneration. It can act as a matrix for new bone growth.

Tuberosity, Maxillary The most distal portal of the maxillary alveolar ridge, that is applicable for implant support.

Tunnel Dissection Through a small incision the periosteum is lifted from the underlying bone in a tunnel fashion. This usually is accomplished in preparation for an onlay type allograft or autograft.

Unilateral Subperiosteal Implant A partial subperiosteal implant usually located in the posterior area of the mandible or maxilla.

Universal Subperiosteal Implant A full arch subperiosteal implant which circum-vents the remaining teeth.

Vertical Endosteal Implant Root-shaped implant which derive their support from a vertical length of bone. Implants are in the form of spirals, cones, rhomboids, and cylinders. They can be smooth, threaded, perforated, solid, hollow or vented. They can be coated or textured and are available in submerged and non-submerged forms in a variety of biocompatible materials.

Xenograft Transplants from one species to another.

Zygoma The area formed by the union of the zygomatic bone and the zygomatic process of the temporal and maxillary bones, used for support of the subperiosteal implant.

[Glossary Index]

Screw Implant	Refer to Vertical Implant
Second Stage Surgery	In relation to die subperiosteal implant, this refers to die reopening of the tissue, placement of the framework which was constructed, after the first stage surgery. For endosteal submerged implants, this refers to the re-exposure of that portion of the implant that receives the attachment device.
Single Crystal Sapphire	A material for implantation composed of a single crystalline alpha aluminum oxide which is identical in crystalline structure to a gem sapphire.
Site Former	See Receptor Site Former
Spiral Implant	Refer to Vertical Implant
Sterile Technique	A standard technique in which an aseptic area is established and maintained to a specific conclusion; e.g., the proper sterilization of instruments, drapes, gowns, gloves and surgical area; and the systematic maintenance of asepsis throughout an implant insertion procedure.
Sterilization	Complete elimination of microbial viability. Caution must be exercised to insure the preservation or the integrity and properties of the implant.
Stress	Normally defined in terms of mechanical tensile stress which is the form divided by the perpendicular cross sectional area over which the force is applied.
Submerged Implant	An endosseous implant with a removable head and neck to permit healing and maturation of the osteotomy and allow intra-implant trabeculation isolated from the oral cavity without a permucosal opening; an endosteal buried implant.
Subperiosteal Implant	A framework specifically fabricated to fit the supporting areas of the mandible or maxilla with permucosal extensions for support and attachment of a prosthesis. The framework consists of: permucosal extensions with or without connecting bars and struts. Struts are classified as peripheral, primary and secondary. The subperiosteal implant can be complete arch unilateral or universal.
Superstructure	The prosthesis that is supported by the substructure with or without an intervening mesostructure.
Surgical Jaw Relation (Subperiosteal)	A registration of the vertical dimension in centric relation of the exposed superior surface of the mandibular or maxillary bone with the opposing arch to provide inter-maxillary space for determination of abutment height of a subperiosteal implant framework.
Surgical Occlusion Rim (Subperiosteal)	A conventional occlusion rim with a base that has been adapted to provide an accurate recording of the surgical vertical centric relations.
Suspension Ligament	The ligament arising from a bone surface which surrounds and supports an endosseous or subperiosteal implant.
Symphysis	The immovable dense midline articulation of the right and left halves of the adult mandible.
Three-Dimensional	Implant An endosteal implant which is placed from the lateral aspect of the alveolar ridge and supplies support in both the horizontal and vertical dimension.
Toxicity	The adverse reactions (dose-response time relationships) of tissues to selected foreign substances resulting in unacceptable in-vivo interactions. The toxicity can be at the local or systemic level depending upon the amount, rate of release and specific type of substance available to the tissues.
Trial Inserts	Implant replica to test a receptor site. Modified Intra-Mucosal inserts worn during the healing phase.
Transoateal	This refers to the penetration of both the internal and external cortical plate by a dental implant.
Tricalcium Phosphate	An inorganic, particular or solid form of relatively biodegradable ceramic, which is used as a scaffold for bone regeneration. It can act as a matrix for new bone growth.
Tuberosity, Maxillary	The most distal portal of the maxillary alveolar ridge, that is applicable for implant support.
Tunnel Dissection	Through a small incision the periosteum is lifted from the underlying bone in a tunnel fashion. This usually is accomplished in preparation for an onlay type allograft or autograft.
Unilateral Subperiosteal Implant	A partial subperiosteal implant usually located in the posterior area of the mandible or maxilla.
Universal Subperiosteal Implant	A full arch subperiosteal implant which circum-vents the remaining teeth.
Vertical Endosteal Implant	Root-shaped implant which derive their support from a vertical length of bone. Implants are in the form of spirals, cones, rhomboids, and cylinders. They can be smooth, threaded, perforated, solid, hollow or vented. They can be coated or textured and are available in submerged and non-submerged forms in a variety of biocompatible materials.
Xenograft	Transplants from one species to another.
Zygoma	The area formed by the union of the zygomatic bone and the zygomatic process of the temporal and maxillary bones, used for support of the subperiosteal implant.